Vypracovala: Mgr. Gabriela Cifrová



V nepriamej reči sa ako okrem slovies say, tell a ask používa mnoho iných slovies. Mnohokrát je použitie týchto slovies jednoduchšie, nakoľko pri tvorení nepriamej reči nedochádza k posunu v gramatických časoch. Je ale potrebné vedieť, do ktorej skupiny dané sloveso patrí, a teda či za ním pôjde sloveso v neurčitku (to infinitive), gerundiu, alebo či za daným slovesom nasleduje osoba (skratka ‘sb’) + to infinitive.


 

+ {NOT} TO INFINITIVE

 

 

Introductory verb

Direct speech

Reported speech

agree *

offer

promise *

refuse

threaten *

‘Yes, I’ll help you.’

‘Shall I open the door?’

‘Of course I’ll pay you.’

‘No, I won’t go with you.’

‘Stop crying or I’ll punish you.’

He agreed to help me.

He offered to open the door.

He promised to pay me.

He refused to go with us.

He threatened to punish me if I didn’t stop crying.

 

 

 

 

+ GERUND

 

 

Introductory verb
Direct speech
Reported speech
admit *
 
accuse sb of
 
apologise for
 
boast of / about *
 
complain to sb of *
 
deny *
 
insist on *
 
suggest *
‘Yes, I told her the secret.’
 
‘You took the money.’
 
‘I’m sorry I arrived so late.’
 
‘I’m the fastest of all.’
 
‘I have a toothache.’
 
‘I didn’t take the book.’
 
‘You must come with us.’
 
‘Let’s have a party.’
He admitted telling / having told her the secret.
He accused me of taking / having taken the money.
He apologised for arriving / having arrived so late.
He boasted of / about being the fastest of all.
He complained to me of having a toothache.
He denied taking / having taken the book.
He insisted on me / my going with them.
He suggested having a party.

 

 

 

+ SOMEBODY + {NOT} TO INFINITIVE

 

Introductory verb
Direct speech
Reported speech
advise *
ask
beg
command
 
invite
 
order
 
remind *
warn *
‘You, should see a lawyer.’
‘Could you help me?’
‘Please, please don’t hurt her!’
‘Stand to attention!’
 
‘Will you have dinner with me?’
‘Leave the cat alone!’
 
‘Don’t forget to ring Ann.’
‘Don’t go near the rocks.’
He advised me to see a lawyer.
He asked me to help him.
He begged me not to hurt her.
He commanded the soldiers to stand to attention.
He invited me to have dinner with him.
She ordered me to leave the cat alone.
She reminded me to ring Ann.
He warned me not to go near the rocks.

 

Slovesá z tabuliek označené hviezdičkou (*), ako aj slovesá explain, exclaim a remark môžu byť v nepriamej reči použité aj klasickým spôsobom, t.j. môže za nimi nasledovať vedľajšia veta, v ktorej ale nastáva posun v gramatických časoch (one tense back).


  • He agreed that he would help me.

  • He admitted that he had told her the secret.

 

 

 

 

Zopakujme si!

1. Do ktorých troch kategórií môžu patriť slovesá uvádzajúce nepriamu reč?

2. Uveď príklady slovies pre každú kategóriu.

 

 

Použitá literatúra:

Virginia Evans: Round-up 5