Vypracovala: PaedDr. Ivana Dulová
When...? (+ past simple)
When did it start raining?
It started raining an hour ago / at 1 o´clock.
How long...? (+ present perfect)
How long has it been raining?
It´s been raining for an hour /since 1 o´clock.
FOR a SINCE používame, aby sme povedali, ako dlho sa niečo dialo.
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FOR používame, keď hovoríme o určitom časovom období (two hours, six weeks, atď.): ● I´ve been waiting for two hours.
two hours ago - - - - - - - - - - -» now two hours a week 20 minutes 50 years five days a long time six month ages
● Lucy´s been working here for six months. (not 'since six months') ● I haven´t seen Tom for three days.
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SINCE používame, keď hovoríme o začiatku určitého časového obdobia (8 o´clock, Monday, 1995, atď.): ● I´ve been waiting since 8 o´clock.
8 o´clock - - - - - - - - - - - » now
since 8 o´clock 1977 3 March lunchtime April they were at school
● Lucy´s been working here since April. (= from Monday until now)
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FOR môžeme častokrát vynechať, nie však v záporných vetách, napr.:
● They´ve been married (for) ten years. (s alebo bez 'for')
● They haven´t had a holiday for ten years. (musíme použiť 'for')
FOR nepoužívame v spojení for + all . . . (all day / all my life, atď.)
● I´ve lived here all my life. (not 'for all my life')
Hovoríme It´s (a long time / two years) odkedy (since) sa niečo stalo:
● It´s ten years since I last saw my best friend. (= Nevidela som svoju najlepšiu priateľku 10 rokov / naposledy som ju videla pred desiatimi rokmi)
● It´s ages since we went to the cinema. (= Neboli sme v kine "roky rokúce".)
OTÁZKA je How long is it since...?
● How long is it since you last saw your best friend? (= When did you last see your best friend?)
● How long is it since Mrs Hill died? (= When did Mrs Hill die?)
ZOPAKUJME SI!
1. Kedy používame ‚since‘? Uveďte príklady.
2. Kedy používame ‚for‘? Uveďte príklady.
3. Ako tvoríme otázku so ‚since‘ a ‚for‘?
Použitá literatúra:
Raymond Murphy: English Grammar in Use