Vypracovala: Mgr. Katarína Šovčíková
Predložkové väzby
adjective + preposition
Niektoré prídavné mená viažu na seba predložku. Väčšinou za predložkou nasleduje fráza s podstatným menom alebo zámeno. Niekedy môže nasledovať –ing forma.
Neexistuje pravidlo, podľa ktorého priraďujeme predložky k prídavným menám. Učíme sa ich naspamäť.
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adjective + of somebody to do something (od niekoho pre niečo)
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nice of
kind of
good of
generous of
polite of
stupid of
silly of
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milé
láskavé
dobré
štedré
slušné
hlúpe
pochabé
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It was very kind of you to help me.
It is stupid of me to go out without a coat in such cold weather.
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adjective + to somebody (na niekoho)
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nice to
kind to
good to
generous to
polite to
rude to
friendly to
cruel to
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milý
láskavý
dobrý
štedrý
slušný
drzý
priateľský
krutý
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They have always been nice to me.
Why were you so unfriendly to Lucy?
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adjective + of
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afraid of*
frightened of*
terrified of*
scared of*
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bojaci sa
vystrašený
vydesený
majúci strach
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„Are you afraid of spiders?“ „Yes, I´m terrified of them.“
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fond of
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majúci rád
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I am fond of cooking.
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proud of
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hrdý
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I´m proud of my son.
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ashamed of
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hanbiaci sa
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He´s a fool. I´m ashamed of him.
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jealous of
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žiarlivý
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Why are you always so jealous of other people?
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envious of
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závistlivý
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He is very envious of his brother.
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suspicious of
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nedôverčivý
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He didn´t trust me. He was suspicious of my intentions.
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critical of
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kritický
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They were critical of Government´s new law.
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aware of
conscious of
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byť si vedomý
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„Did you know he was married?“ „No, I wasn´t aware of that.“
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full of
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plný
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The letter was full of mistakes.
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typical of
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typické
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He´s late again. It´s typical of him to keep everybody waiting.
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tired of
sick of
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byť unavený
chorý
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Let´s go, I´m tired of waiting.
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sure of/about
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byť si istý
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I think she´s arriving this evening, but I´m not sure of/about that.
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*synonymá
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adjective + with/about/at/by
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angry with*
annoyed with*
furious with*
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byť nahnevaný
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with somebody for doing something (pokiaľ sme nahnevaní na niekoho kvôli niečomu)
Are you annoyed with me for being late?
Pokiaľ sme nahnevaní na niečo používame predložku about
It´s stupid to get angry about things that don´t matter.
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excited about
worried about
upset about
nervous about
happy about
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vzrušený
majúci obavu
nahnevaný
nevózny
šťastný
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about a situation – z nejakej situácie
Are you excited about going away next week?
Linda is upset about not being invited.
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delighted with*
pleased with*
satisfied with
happy with
disappointed with
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byť potešený
byť spokojný
byť šťastný
byť sklamaný
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with something you receive, or the result of something (z niečoho čo ste dostali alebo z výsledku niečoho)
I was delighted with the present you gave me.
Were you happy with your exam results?
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fed up with
bored with
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mať plné zuby
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I don´t enjoy my job any more. I´m fed up with it.
I´m bored with it.
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crowded with
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preplnený
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The streets were crowded with tourists.
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impressed with/by
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zaujatý
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I´m very impressed with/by her English.
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surprised at/by
shocked at/by
amazed at/by
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prekvapený
šokovaný
ohromený
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Everybody was shocked at/by the news.
I hope you weren´t surprised at/by what I said.
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*synonymá
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sorry + about/for (pociťujúci ľútosť)
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sorry about
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nad situáciou alebo niečím, čo sa stalo
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I´m sorry about the mess.
We´re all sorry about Julie losing her job.
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sorry about/for
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nad niečím, čo si urobil
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Alex is very sorry about/for what he said.
I´m sorry about/for shouting at you yesterday.
v tomto prípade môžeme predložku vynechať
I´m sorry I shouted at you yesterday.
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feel/be sorry for
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pociťovať ľútosť nad niekým kto je v zlej situácii
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I feel sorry for Matt. He´s had a lot of bad luck.
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adjective + at/to/from/in/on/for
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good at
bad at
brilliant at
better at
hopeless at
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dobrý v
zlý v
brilantný v
lepší v
zúfalý v
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I´m not very good at repairing things.
She´s hopeless at maths.
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married to
engaged to
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vydatá/ženatý
zasnúbená/ý
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Linda is married to an American. but Linda is married with three children. (she has three children)
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similar to
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podobný
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Your writing is similar to mine.
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different from/to
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odlišný
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The film was different from/to what I´d expected.
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interested in
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majúci záujem
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Are you interested in art?
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involved in
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zúčastňujúci sa
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Some of the students are involved in the exchange programme.
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keen on
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dychtivý, nadšený
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We stayed at home because Chris wasn´t very keen on going out.
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dependent on
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závislý
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I don´t want to be dependent on anybody. but independent of
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famous for
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slávny
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The Italian city of Florence is famous for its art treasures.
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responsible for
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zodpovedný
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Who was responsible for all that noise last night?
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prepared for
ready for
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pripravený
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Are you prepared for writing a test?
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Cvičenie
Ktoré prídavné mená používame s predložkou for?
Ktoré prídavné mená používame s predložkou to?
Ktoré prídavné mená používame s predložkou of?
Ktoré prídavné mená používame s predložkou with?
Ktoré prídavné mená používame s predložkou on?
Ktoré prídavné mená používame s predložkou in?
Ktoré prídavné mená používame s predložkou at?
Ktoré prídavné mená používame s predložkou about?
Použitá literatúra:
Murphy, R.: English Grammar in Use, Cambridge University Press, 2004